Mary I

On 10 July 1553, Lady Jane Grey was proclaimed Queen of England. She was sixteen, Protestant, and a pawn in a plot to keep Mary Tudor off the throne. Nine days later the Privy Council abandoned her. Within a year she was dead.

On 7 January 1558, Thomas Wentworth handed the keys of Calais to Francis, Duke of Guise. England had held the town since 1347. When the gates opened, two centuries of English France ended in a week.