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On 28 May 1588, the Spanish Armada set sail from Lisbon, Portugal, bound for the English Channel. King Philip II sent 130 ships and 30,000 men on a holy crusade, convinced that divine favour would override the brutal realities of naval technology, geography, and weather.
On 19 May 1536, Anne Boleyn was beheaded on Tower Green for crimes everyone knew she had not committed. The execution cleared a path for Jane Seymour, but the real inheritance was a bastard daughter who would rule England for forty-five years.
On 8 February 1587, Mary, Queen of Scots was beheaded at Fotheringhay after the Babington Plot. Her death was lawful theatre, political necessity, and a dynastic tragedy all at once.
On 7 January 1558, Thomas Wentworth handed the keys of Calais to Francis, Duke of Guise. England had held the town since 1347. When the gates opened, two centuries of English France ended in a week.